Bill of Landing (BL)
Definition
A bill of lading is a receipt for goods that is issued by the shipping company (forwarder) and delivered to the sender of the goods.
The bill of lading is a negotiable document, which means that the holder of the bill of lading holds the ownership of the goods and can use it to receive the goods to the carrier or the carrier's representative, the name of the company that must be the owner of the goods at the destination for delivery. Refer to him to get the goods, it is mentioned in the box "For delivery of goods please apply to" in the bill of lading.
Specifications required to issue a bill of lading:
The bill of lading in the specified number of copies of the original and copy by the transport companies to transport the goods with the specifications received from the sender / receiver, from a specified origin to a specified destination and specified taking into account the conditions of Incoterms (according to the contract Seller and buyer) and is issued with the conditions of payment of freight and the conditions and manner of insurance of the specified goods.
In the bill of lading method of transportation (air, sea, land and rail), the specifications of the means of transport and the place of issuance of the bill of lading and the date of issue of the bill of lading with the signature and seal of the bill of lading issuer who is the same carrier must be stated.
Accuracy in issuing bill of lading:
Accuracy in issuing the bill of lading by the carrier at the time of issuing each bill of lading is very important, because a mistake in issuing the bill of lading can cause irreparable damage and consequences for the shipping company.
Issuer of bill of lading
The shipping company is the only authority responsible for issuing the bill of lading. For example, in shipping, the carrier could be a shipping line or an NVOCC company.
Recipient of the bill of lading
The bill of lading is usually issued by the carrier for the following persons based on the role of these persons in commercial transactions (seller / recipient) as a receipt of the goods:
The sender of the goods, who is the seller or the sender of the goods at the specified origin of the shipment, needs to receive the bill of lading as the receipt of the goods from the carrier who receives the goods from him.
The consignee, who is the owner of the goods at the specified destination according to the bill of lading, needs to receive the bill of lading from the carrier company or his representative to receive the goods at the specified destination according to the bill of lading.
Types of bill of lading
According to the specified method of transporting the goods, which is notified to the transport company according to the orders of the sender / recipient and the contract between them, the transport company is obliged to issue the requested bill of lading with full specifications, which are as follows: We will give a brief overview of the bill of lading in different shipping methods.
- Air Way Bill
- Ocean Bill of Lading
- Road Bill of Lading
- Railway Bill of Lading (SMGS)
Air Way Bill
In shipments that are transported by air, two types of air freight bill of lading are issued by the carrier as follows.
The carrier must be very careful in issuing the bill of lading and must include all the specifications based on the sender / receiver instructions in the bill of lading and for the issuance of the original bill of lading, he must receive written confirmation from the sender / receiver.
Master Air Way Bill (MAWB)
The MAWB bill of lading is issued by the airline or airline representative in the name of the carrier. In some cases, with the coordination of the carrier, the airline or the airline representative issues the bill of lading directly to the owner of the goods.
House Air Way Bill (HAWB)
The HAWB bill of lading is issued by the carrier (forwarder) in the name of the owner of the goods.
Ocean Bill of Lading
In shipments that are transported by sea, two types of bill of lading are issued by the carrier as follows.
The carrier must be very careful in issuing the bill of lading and must include all the specifications based on the sender / receiver instructions in the bill of lading and for the issuance of the original bill of lading, he must receive written confirmation from the sender / receiver.
1. Master Bill of Lading (MBL)
MBL bill of lading is issued by the shipping line or shipping line representative in the name of the carrier. In some cases, only with the coordination of the carrier, the shipping line or the shipping line representative issues the bill of lading directly to the owner of the goods.
2. House Bill of Lading (HBL)
The HBL bill of lading is issued by the carrier (forwarder) in the name of the owner of the goods.
Road Bill of Lading
In road freight, the carrier issues the shipment bill of lading with full specifications and delivers the goods to the sender as a delivery receipt.
The carrier must be very careful in issuing the bill of lading and must include all the specifications based on the sender / receiver instructions in the bill of lading and for the issuance of the original bill of lading, he must receive written confirmation from the sender / receiver.
Railway Bill of Lading (SMGS)
The railway bill of lading is issued by the railway lines at the freight stations and the railway announces according to the bill of lading that it has received the goods specified in the bill of lading and must send the goods safely to the desired destination.
The carrier must be very careful in issuing the bill of lading and must include all the specifications based on the sender / receiver instructions in the bill of lading and for the issuance of the original bill of lading, he must receive written confirmation from the sender / receiver.
FIATA Multimodal Bill of Lading (FBL)
This bill of lading is used when several shipping methods are used to transport the cargo. For example, part of the route may be taken by train and the rest by road.
Global Bill of Lading Through Bill of Lading (TBL)
All-round bill of lading for cargo
Across the bill of lading is used for shipments that can be transported by sea as much as possible and then reach the final destination by rail or land. This type of bill of lading should not be considered the same as a multi-faceted bill of lading.
Dirty / Clause Bill of Lading
This term is used when a safe shipment is not delivered to the carrier.
Clean bill of lading
The opposite of this bill of lading is the clean bill of lading where the shipment is delivered in acceptable conditions.